随着Covid-19的拖延，最近的报告显示加拿大家庭债务率有所上升。加拿大人为了度过这些艰难的大流行时期而承担更多债务也就不足为奇了。尽管政府在大流行的边缘采取了重大措施来提供收入支持，但许多加拿大人仍在努力维持生计。约克信贷服务公司的债务顾问 Artem Avvacoumov 表示，许多保住工作的加拿大人确实有可支配收入，但由于大流行期间频繁的封锁，无处可花。这无疑导致加拿大和世界各地的经济增长放缓。

加拿大的抵押债务

加拿大债务的很大一部分是抵押债务，特别是在不列颠哥伦比亚省和安大略省。York Credit Services 的债务顾问 Artem Avvacoumov 说：“我们看到许多加拿大人试图度过这场大流行病，并及时支付抵押贷款，以降低止赎风险。” 事实上，由于大流行而失去收入的借款人考虑了诸如延期利息抵押贷款等选择来保护他们的家庭。即使在大流行之后，加拿大家庭债务可能仍主要锁定在房地产中。

债务收入比创历史新高

根据加拿大统计局发布的一份报告，加拿大 2020 年第四季度的债务与收入比率为 174%。该报告进一步显示，加拿大家庭每赚 1.00 美元，平均欠 1.73 美元。总体而言，该国的总债务目前为 2.1 万亿美元。这些债务的大部分是抵押债务，即购买房产的信贷，到 2020 年增加到 287 亿美元。在此期间，非抵押债务显着下降。另一方面，非抵押债务包括其他形式的融资，例如信用卡、发薪日贷款、汽车贷款和透支。加拿大统计局的报告显示，到 2020 年底，非抵押债务总额为 7895 亿加元。

债务收入比指标，也称为偿债，计算加拿大人每赚一美元所欠的债务金额。100%的债务收入比简单地表明债务金额超过了一个人的收入。对于任何人来说，这通常是一个非常危险的财务状况。由于通货膨胀或失业等经济浪潮，它会增加财务挑战的风险。

Covid 19 大流行开始时的低偿债能力

在标志着大流行开始的 2020 年第二季度，债务收入比创下 159.36% 的历史新低。有几个因素导致了这种下降。

首先，加拿大各地实施了多项封锁和限制措施，这意味着人们不能像往年那样花钱。其次，加拿大政府以 CERB 的形式提供财政支持，为许多人提供了生计来源，尤其是在大流行初期。随着获得现金的机会更多和消费能力下降，债务比率下降。

然而，随着疫情持续蔓延，政府支持减少，就业水平尚未赶上，这就是债务比率在 2020 年最后一个季度回升的原因。

封锁和限制导致可支配收入增加

The report shows a spike in spending in February 2020, right at the beginning of the pandemic. This could be attributed to the fact that many consumers rushed to purchase supplies before the lockdowns and restrictions imposed by federal and provisional governments. However, there was a reduction in spending as soon as the lockdowns were imposed. Most people did not and could not spend their money as they were typically used to. In fact, most households saved their money others, especially those in higher income brackets, managed to pay off debts with the increased disposable income. Unfortunately, many households particularly in the lower-income brackets, lost their income which partly contributed to the increased debt. According to Artem Avvacoumov, debt adviser at York Credit Services, even though the government came in to support Canadians with funds to survive, many who lost their income were still unable to pay off their debts.

从积极的方面来看，随着许多家庭采用网上购物、取货和送货方式，在大流行期间支出再次回升。事实上，在安大略省和哥伦比亚等地区，在大流行期间出现了巨大的支出增长热潮。即使需求很高，住房贷款利率的降低也促使许多人购买房屋。

严重依赖政府福利

The survey also indicated that Canadians who used government benefits relied on them heavily to get through the pandemic. 3 in 10 Canadians took advantage of some form of government benefits during the pandemic. 76% of those who sought government support described them as critical in maintaining their day-to-day life. Those figures are concerning for Mr. Avvacoumov of York Credit Services. With inflation on the rise along with increased prices of all consumer goods, Artem fears that Canadians who are still depending on government support will continue to struggle once these benefits are withdrawn.

Inflation is not only felt in Canada but in many other countries that are yet to recover from Covid 19. Even though prices dropped in the early months of the pandemic when most people stayed home and reduced their spending, most sectors of the economy shut down months after, contributing to the decline in the world economy.

“We expect to see more and more people faced with increased debt and a limited income to support their day-to-day needs turning to the government and other non-profit making organizations to make ends meet,” says Artem Avvacoumov, debt adviser at York Credit Services. Most federal programs such as the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy and Canada Emergency Rent Subsidy that were set to support Canadians and their businesses during the pandemic have already expired. “The government had to extend programs such as the Canada Recovery Benefit because it was clear that the economy was hard hit and it would take more time for many households to recover,” says Artem Avvacoumov, debt adviser at York Credit Services.

2021 年，政府继续将加拿大人的工资和租金补贴延长至今年晚些时候，因为很明显人们仍然需要进一步的支持。对许多加拿大人来说，长期失业仍然是现实，而大流行使这些家庭的情况更加严峻。撤回或大幅限制政府支持将使大流行后面临失业的家庭更加困难。

大流行是否影响了您的债务？

Dealing with debt is often a stressful experience, not to mention the potential economic impact of the Covid 19 pandemic. Artem Avvacoumov, debt adviser at York Credit Services, shared tips on how to help manage debt in difficult financial times. “If you are falling behind on mortgage payments or credit card debt, a good place to start would be to call your lender and explain your situation. Most lenders have in place programs that can help you manage the situation until you’re back on your feet,” says Artem. Credit companies are known to offer accommodations, but this is only available for proactive borrowers who reach out and explain their circumstances. These programs can allow borrowers to delay or adjust payments temporarily or even avoid interest charges. By reaching out to the lender and getting these accommodations, borrowers can avoid negative credit reporting before it’s too late. There are also longer-term programs offered by lenders and credit card companies for borrowers who are seeking to pay off debt over an extended period and at reduced interest rates.

大流行后如何保护您的信用

当您就延迟或未付款项与贷方联系时，准备并分享有关您的财务和就业状况的关键细节非常重要。预计贷方响应的等待时间可能很长，因为这些信贷机构中的许多在大流行之后都面临着高呼叫量。考虑到您的收入、支出和资产，清楚地披露您能够支付的金额非常重要。了解贷方是否为因大流行而遭受财务损失的借款人提供任何困难计划。请记住，注册任何这些计划都会产生后果。例如，您的信用额度可能会受到影响。

如果 Covid-19 影响了您的债务该怎么办

The pandemic has affected the health and finances of Canadians all over. If you are struggling with debt due to job loss, reduced income or other reasons, there are plenty of options to navigate these challenging times. Credit counselling in Canada allows you to understand these options and get the support you need to manage your finances. Don’t navigate this overwhelming period alone. Get help to improve your finances.

https://yorkcreditservices.com/